Definition: "A white paper is a report or guide that informs readers concisely about a complex issue and presents the issuing body's philosophy on the matter. It is meant to help readers understand an issue, solve a problem, or make a decision." --Wikipedia
Business white papers typically have these core elements:
Here are some sample white papers on media industry issues from consulting firms and a non-profit organization:
The PEN America and Deloitte white papers are good examples of how white papers incorporate citations for external information sources that they consult.